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非謂語的4種形式及其變式

心理6.98K
非謂語的4種形式及其變式

1、 不定式

①基本形式:to do(表示主動,並且一般表示將來)

②被動式:to be done(表示被動,並且一般表示將來)

③進行式:to be doing (表示主動和進行)

④完成時:to have done(表示主動和完成)

⑤完成被動式:to have been done(表示被動和完成)

⑥完成進行式:to have been doing (表示主動和完成進行)

例如:

The teacher told us to do morning exercises .

老師讓我們做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister.

要買的這輛車是給他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.

老師進來時,她假裝正在讀書。

The thief is said to have escaped.

據說小偷已經逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested.

據說小偷已經被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.

據說在過去的20年裡,她一直在這家工廠工作。

2、 動名詞

①基本形式:doing (表示主動)

②被動式:being done(表示被動)

③完成式:having done(表示主動和完成)

④完成被動式:having been done(表示被動和完成)

Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.

在未來,普通人在太空旅行將會是普遍的事情。

Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.

Freddy和他的樂隊到哪裡都被他們的粉絲跟著。

I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.

我不知道他做過這樣一件違揹你的事情。

Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.

很多顧客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少兩過。

3、 現在分詞

①基本形式:doing (表示主動和進行)

②被動式:being done(表示被動和進行)

He sat there,reading a newspaper.

他坐在那裡,讀著一張報紙。

The area being studied may be rich in coal.

這個正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。

Having finished my homework,I began to watch TV.

完成作業後,我開始看電視。

Having been told many times,she still can't remember it.

已經被告訴了很多次,她仍然記不住。

4、 過去分詞:done

及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動或完成不及物動詞的過去分詞表示主動或完成。

polluted river 被汙染的河流

fallen leaves 落葉

標籤:謂語 變式