英語賓語從句縮句原則
方法一:當主句謂語動詞是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。
例如:
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二:當主句謂語動詞是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等動詞,且主句主語與從句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。
例如:
She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
注:當主句謂語動詞是tell, ask, show, teach等動詞,且後帶雙賓語,從句主語和間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。
例如:
Could you tell me how I can get to the station →Could you tell me how to get to the station
方法三:當主句的謂語動詞是order(命令),require(需要)等時,如果主句和從句的主語不一致,賓語從句可簡化為“名詞(代詞)+不定式”結構。例如:
The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四:某些動詞後的賓語從句,可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。例如:
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五:某些動詞後面的賓語從句可轉化為“賓語+V-ing形式(作賓語補足語)”結構。
例如:
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六:動詞seem後的賓語從句,也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化,但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如:
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外,還有一些特殊句式的轉化。
例如:
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy
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